Adware Explained
What adware is, how it gets on your computer, and how to remove it
Adware is software that sneaks onto your computer and bombards you with unwanted ads – pop-ups, injected banners on web pages, redirected search results, and new toolbars you never asked for. It's not the same as a virus (it usually won't destroy your files), but it's invasive, annoying, and can slow your computer to a crawl.
Adware is different from browser notification spam. Notification spam comes from websites you accidentally gave permission to, and you fix it in your browser settings. Adware is actual software installed on your system that needs to be removed.
- Bundled with free software – The most common way. You download a free program and during installation, extra software gets installed alongside it. Always choose Custom or Advanced install and uncheck anything you didn't ask for
- Fake download buttons – Ads on download sites disguised as the real download button. Look for the small, plain text link that says "Download" instead of the giant green button
- Browser extensions – Some extensions that seem useful are actually adware in disguise. See the browser extensions guide for how to audit what you have installed
- Pirated software – Free copies of paid software almost always come with unwanted extras
Frequently Asked Questions
Is adware the same as a virus?▾
No. Adware is annoying and invasive – it displays unwanted ads, redirects your searches, and slows your computer. But it typically doesn't destroy your files, steal your passwords, or cause serious damage. That said, adware can sometimes be bundled with more dangerous malware, so you should still remove it promptly.
Will a factory reset remove adware?▾
Yes, but it's usually overkill. Try the removal steps above first. A factory reset wipes everything, including your files and programs. If adware is persistent and nothing else works, a reset will definitely clear it, but make sure you back up your files first.
How do I avoid getting adware in the first place?▾
Always choose Custom or Advanced installation when installing free software and uncheck any bundled extras. Download software only from official sources. Be careful with browser extensions – stick to well-known ones with high ratings and many users. See the browser extensions guide for vetting extensions.
Can adware steal my personal information?▾
Basic adware just shows ads, but some aggressive variants track your browsing habits, search history, and even keystrokes. If you suspect your adware is more than just ads, run a full malware scan and change your important passwords from a clean device. See what to do if your account is compromised.
My browser keeps resetting to a weird search engine. Is that adware?▾
Almost certainly, yes. A changed default search engine or homepage that keeps coming back after you fix it is a classic sign of adware or a browser hijacker. Follow the removal steps for your OS above, paying special attention to browser extensions and startup items.